Children’s Palliative Care Guidelines/ Papers
There are a wide range of resources available around the world on children’s palliative care. Here we signpost you to some of them, although there are a lot more available both in English and in other languages:
Books on CPC
2021 – The Oxford Textbook of PC for Children – 3rd Edition (Hain R, Goldman A, Rapoport A and Meiring M. Oxford University Press)
This book is being sold on a range of websites including Oxford University Press and can be purchased as an online edition or in print.
It:
- Identifies the medical, psychological, practical, and spiritual issues of caring for terminally ill children and their families
- Promotes a model of care that addresses the complex and multifaceted needs of children with life-threatening illnesses and their families
- Includes two new chapters looking in detail at ‘Decision Making’ and ‘Perinatal Care’ and a new section highlighting the emerging importance of ‘Palliative Care for Children in Humanitarian Crises’
- Has a new section providing the voices of two parents telling their stories, offering thoughtful recommendations to clinicians
- Is an Award Winner in the Paediatrics Category at the BMA Medicine Book Awards
2021 – Medicine Palliative chez les enfants et adolescents (Asrudilo W, et al (Eds.) Paliativos Sin Fronteras)
Ce livre de Palliatifs Sans Frontière (PSF), une ONG sanitaire internationale de palliatifs, a trois objectifs : améliorer l’attention qui est donnée aux enfants et aux adolescents dans des conditions qui menacent ou limitent leur vie ; soutenir leurs familles pendant la maladie et dans la phase du deuil et promouvoir la solidarité oncologique et palliative pédiatrique avec les pays de moins de ressources. Il représente un effort international de 92 auteurs, beaucoup d’entre eux des professeurs universitaires y des pédiatres palliatifs, afin de trouver des manières de satisfaire les besoins des enfants et des familles en ces circonstances. Ses 59 chapitres se distribuent en 10 sections qui traitent les bases de SPP, la gestion des symptômes, le cancer des enfants et des adolescents, les SP dans d’autres situations, le soulagement de la souffrance, l’attention à la famille, aux nécessités psycho-sociales, le travail d’équipe et les professionnels, la coopération en oncologie et palliatifs, et la bioéthique et les droits des enfants dans des situations qui mettent en danger ou limitent leur existence.
2020 – Medicina Palliative en Ninos y Adolescentes. (Asrudilo et al. (Eds.) Paliativos Sin Fronteras)
Paliativos Sin Fronteras considera que este libro puede ser un instrumento muy eficaz para proporcionar un mayor bienestar de los niños y adolescentes, reducir su sufrimiento y acrecentar el apoyo social a sus familias. Por estos motivos, trabaja por la cooperación internacional con países de recursos reducidos a través de la formación de profesionales en paliativos y dolor y el apoyo a la creación y mantenimiento de estructuras en estos campos.
2020 – Children’s Palliative Care: An International Case-Based Manual (Downing (Eds) Springer)
This book is being sold on a range of websites including Springer and can be purchased as an ebook or in print.
This manual, edited by ICPCN enables individuals working in children’s palliative care globally to learn through engaging real-world cases. The aim is to provide a clinical case-based resource that is globally relevant and accessible to those working in CPC. Drawing on case histories from around the world that reflect key issues and elements of CPC, it provides a practical approach grounded in experience. It addresses multidisciplinary care in the management of children and their families; discusses cases from an international perspective, and shares examples from a variety of countries, utilising cases across a range of ages and conditions, demonstrating holistic care. It represents the first case-based manual on global CPC and is endorsed and promoted by the International Children’s Palliative Care Network (ICPCN).
2016 – A really practical handbook of children’s palliative care (Amery J Eds)
PLEASE NOTE: This book is made freely available by the author in order to improve the provision of Children’s Palliative Care around the world. Please feel free to download it, copy it and send it to as many of your colleagues as you’d like. However, please do not amend the content in any way.
If you would like to translate this book into a different language please contact ICPCN at admin@icpcn.org
A review of the book by Hannah Tearle, Senior Sister, Children’s Inpatient Unit,
Keech Hospice Care
The title of this book sums up its contents well. The book is made up of two parts. The first part is Dr Amery’s handbook and the second part is the Association of Paediatric Palliative Medicine Formulary (2015). Together this could be considered the bible of paediatric palliative care.
The format of the book has been designed so that it is easy to use and the informal writing style makes it easy for anybody to read and understand. Dr Amery’s handbook is split into 15 sections which cover all of the problems commonly faced by health care professionals when caring for children who are dying. Each section is then broken down further to give step by step instructions.
The book is derived from Dr Amery’s empirical research and twenty years experience along with other international contributors along with the available evidence. There is very little research carried out in the field of paediatric palliative care worldwide compared to other areas of medicine. It is a niche subject so bringing these specialists wealth of knowledge and experience together makes it an invaluable resource.
This handbook addresses communication, breaking bad news, playing, to symptom managing and self care. Each chapter has a title How do I… Using chapter six “How do I manage symptoms in children’s palliative care?” as an example will illustrate the format for the whole book as each chapter is structured in the same way.
Part six is the largest chapter, but is still broken down simply to give the answers to any question you may have regarding symptom management. It starts by stating what may already be known and then it moves onto the section with information that may be useful. The first symptom described is pain. Different ways of assessing pain is explored first referring to WHO (2013) Then it moves onto non pharmacological and pharmacological management of pain, the use of opioids and the different types of pain. The chapter carries on the same logical format discussing all other symptoms that may need managing such as seizures, vomiting and anxiety to name a few.
This handbook has been written for any health care professional across the world. Dr Amery has taken culture and different socioeconomic backgrounds into consideration. The handbook will soon become an indispensable tool for all healthcare professionals within the field of children’s palliative care.
2009 – Children’s Palliative Care in Africa (Amery J (Ed) Oxford University Press)
This textbook is being sold through the Oxford University Press, and you can also download it for free as a pdf here as we want to see children’s palliative care develop worldwide.
Children’s Palliative Care in Africa is a textbook that responds to the enormous and growing need for children’s palliative care services in Africa and other resource-poor settings. This comprehensive textbook was the first to be written by practitioners working in Africa, specifically to meet the palliative care needs of children. It provides practical guidance by improving access to, and delivery of, palliative care in this demanding setting. Written by a group with wide experience of caring for children with life-limiting illnesses in Africa, and edited by Dr. Justin Amery, the textbook addresses key palliative care themes, which are crucial to expanding the provision of children’s palliative care.
The book is particularly suitable for:
- Those working with children with HIV/AIDS (for whom palliative care should be an essential part of treatment);
- Those working in the adult palliative care sector (many of whom also care for children);
- Those working in other paediatric and child health specialities.
While the book is primarily aimed at health and social care professionals, and is written with sufficient depth to be of use to specialists, its style is accessible for a range of other people concerned and involved in the care and treatment of children with life-limiting illnesses
Additional Resources
Global Paediatric Palliative Care
Clinical Care Resources e.g. Guidelines
Dutch Guidelines for Paediatric Palliative Care (English and Dutch) | Pallialine | 2024 |
APPM Formulary (6th Edition) | Association of Paediatric Palliative Medicine | 2024 |
Management of Seizures in children and young people in the palliative care setting | Association of Paediatric Palliative Medicine | 2023 |
Basic Symptom Control in Paediatric Palliative Care (10th Edition) | Association of Paediatric Palliative Medicine and Together for Short Lives | 2022 |
The Starship Guidelines on Seizure Management at the End of Life | Starship, New Zealand | 2022 |
Safe use of medicines (3rd Edition) | Together for Short Lives | 2021 |
Ugandan CPC Clinical Protocols | PcERC | 2020 |
Caring for a child at end of life – a guide for professionals on the care of children and young people | Together for Short Lives | 2019 |
A guide to children’s palliative care | Together for Short Lives | 2018 |
Pain assessment and treatment in children with significant impairment of the central nervous system | American Academy of Paediatrics | 2017 |
Perceptions of CPC
McNeil et al. Physician Perception of and Barriers to Pediatric Palliative Care for Children with Cancer in Brazil. Supportive Care and Symptom Control | 2023 |
Masters JL, Josh PW, Kirkpatrick AJ, Kovaleva MA, Sayles HR. Providing clarity: communicating the benefits of palliative care beyond end-of-life support Palliative Care & Social Practice
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2024 |
Barnestein-Fonseca P et al. Barriers and drivers of public engagement in palliative care, Scoping review. BMC Palliative Care | 2024 |
Bollig, G., Graf, K., Gruna, H., Drexler, D., & Pothmann, R. “We Want to Talk about Death, Dying and Grief and to Learn about End-of-Life Care”-Lessons Learned from a Multi-Center Mixed-Methods Study on Last Aid Courses for Kids and Teens. Children
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2024 |
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2024 |
Standards
Benini F et al. International Standards for Pediatric Palliative Care: From IMPaCCT to GO-PPaCS. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. | 2022 |
Children’s Palliative Care Education Standard Framework and Self Audit Tool | 2020 |
Standards of practice for pediatric palliative care and hospice | 2010 |
EAPC Taskforce. IMPACT: standards for pediatric palliative care in Europe. European Journal of Palliative Care. | 2007 |
Education and Competencies
Outcome Measurement
Ang FJL et al. Development of the Parental Experience with Care for Children with Serious Illnesses (PRECIOUS) quality of care measure. BMC Palliative Care | 2024 |
Coombes L Haroardottir S, Braybrook D, Roach A, Scott H, Bristowe K, Ellis-Smith C, Downing J,
Bluebond-Langner M, Fraser LK, Murtagh FEM, Harding R. (2023) Design and Administration of Patient-Centered Outcome Measures: The Perspectives of Children and Young People with Life-Limiting or Life Threatening Conditions and their Family Members. The Patient-Patient-Centered Outcomes Research. Published online 23 May 2023
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2022 |
Namisango E, Bristowe K, Murtagh FEM, Downing J, Richard A Powell RA, Atieno M, Abas M, Ali Z, Luyirika EBK, Meiring M, Mwangi-Powell FNM, Higginson IJH, and Harding R. (2022) Face and content validity, acceptability, feasibility and implementability of a novel outcome measure for children with life-limiting or life-threatening illness in three sub-Saharan African countries. Palliative Medicine. 36(7): 1140-1153. | |
Coombes L, Bristowe K, Ellis-Smith C, Aworinde J, Fraser LK, Downing J, Bluebond-Langner M, Chambers L, Murtagh FEM, Harding R. (2021) Enhancing validity, reliability and participation in self-reported health outcome measurement for children and young people: a systematic review of recall period, response scale format, and administration modality. Quality of Life Research. 30:1803-1832 | 2021 |
Friedel M, Brichard B, Boonen S, Tonon C, De Terwangne B, Bellis D, Mevisse M, Fonteyne C, Jaspard M, Schruse M, Harding R, Downing J, Namisango E, Degryse JM, Aujoulat I. (2021) Face and content validity, acceptability and feasibility of the adapted version of the Children’s Palliative Outcome Scale: A Qualitative Pilot Study, Journal of Palliative Medicine 24(2):181-188. | 2021 |
Namisango E, Bristowe K, Murtagh FE, Downing J, Powell RA, Abas M, Haufiku D, Guma S, Luyirika EBK, Mwangi-Powell FN, Higginson IJ, Harding R. (2020). Towards person-centred quality care for children with life-limiting and life-threatening illness: Self-reported symptoms, concerns and priority outcomes from a multi-country qualitative study. Palliative Medicine 34(3):319-335. | 2020 |
Namisango E, Bristowe K, Allsop MJ, Murtagh FEM, Abas M, Higginson IJ, Downing J, Harding R. (2019) Symptoms and concerns among children and young people with life-limiting and life-threatening conditions: A systematic review highlighting meaningful health outcomes. The Patient-Patient Centered Outcomes Research 12:15-55. | 2019 |
Downing J, Namisango E, Harding R (Annals of Palliative Medicine 2018) Outcome measurement in paediatric palliative care: lessons from the past and future developments Annals of Palliative Medicine 7(Suppl 3):S151-S163 |
2018 |
Bausewein C, Daveson BA, Currow DC, Downing J, Delians L, Radbruch L, Defilippi K, Lopes Ferreira P, Costanini M, Harding R and Higginso IJ. (2015) EAPC White Paper on outcome measurement in palliative care: Improving practice, attaining outcomes and delivering quality services – Recommendations from the European Association for Palliative Care (EAPC) Task Force on Outcome Measurement. Palliative Medicine30(1):6-22. | 2015 |
Downing J, Atieno M, Powell RA, Ali Z, Marston J, Meiring M, Ssengooba J, Williams S, Mwangi-Powell FN, Harding R and the APCA AIDSTAR Project Advisory Group. (2012) Development of a palliative care outcome measure for children in sub-Saharan Africa: findings from early phase instrument development. European Journal of Palliative Care. 19(6) 292-295 | 2012 |
Advanced Care Planning
Decision-Making
Neonatal Palliative Care
End of life Care
Vemuri and Prentice. Seeking alignment of end-of-life goals within the Australian paediatric context | 2024 |
Prins S et al. Diversity of Parent Emotions and Physician Responses During End-of-Life Conversations. | 2023 |
Pierron, C et al. Gasping in Dying Children: Health Care Professionals’ Feelings and Knowledge. | 2023 |
Gentler AM. “The medicine is the easy part”: Pediatric physicians’ emotion work in end-of-life care and its structural antecedents,’ Qualitative Research in Health. | 2023 |
Feeney et al. Legal issues in end-of-life care for speech-language pathologists and social workers: A scoping review,’ International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology. | 2023 |
Machado Pereira et al. Ways and means to comfort people at the end of life: How is the nurse a privileged player in this process? Palliative Care & Social Practice. | 2023 |
Linebarger et al. Guidance for Pediatric End-of-Life Care American Academy of Pediatrics | 2022 |
HIV/ AIDS
Multi-disciplinary teams
Stuntman et al. ‘“Daring to deal with the difficult and unexpected”: Registered nurses’ confidential conversations with patients with palliative care needs: A qualitative interview study,’ BMC Palliative Care. | 2023 |
O’Donnell et al. ‘High-quality patient-centered palliative care: Interprofessional team members’ perceptions of social workers’ roles and contribution,’ Journal of Interprofessional Care. | 2023 |
Gentler ‘“The medicine is the easy part”: Pediatric physicians’ emotion work in end-of-life care and its structural antecedents,’ Qualitative Research in Health. | 2023 |
Place of Care
Humanitarian settings
Experiences of children and their families
Digital Health Technology
Public Health Approach and Compassionate Communities
2023 | |
Barnestein-Fonesca P et al. Barriers and drivers of public engagement in palliative care. Scoping review. |
2024 |
2024 |
Research in CPC
CPC Podcasts
https://bmcpalliatcare.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12904-024-01465-9
“The Sunflower” Palliative Care Podcasts.
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CPC Short Films
Palliative Care Stories – Palliative Care Australia | Ep 1 – What is your paediatric palliative care story?
Ep 2 – The worst thing a health professional said to you? Ep 3 – Did you ever make a complaint? Ep4 – Were there health professionals who stood out, and why? Ep 5 – What do you know now that you wish you had known before? Ep6 – Given what you have been through how do you keep going? Ep 7 – What do you say following the death of a child? Ep 8 – What is the best thing someone has done for you? Ep 9 – If you were Health Minister for a day, what would you do? Ep 10 – What do you want the world to know about your child? |
CPC and Covid
Bustamante LM, Okhuysen-Cawley R, Downing J, Connor SR, Muckaden MR, Phillips M, Icaza A, Garzon N, Nakashima Y, Morgan K, Mauser S and Grunauer M. (2022). The COVID-19 Pandemic: Early Ripple Effects in Pediatric Palliative Care. Children 9:642 | 2022 |
McNeil MJ, Kaye EC, Vedaraju Y, Baker JN, Devidas M, Downing J, Graetz D, Ranadive R, Rosenberg AR, Wiener L and Weaver MS. (2021) Global Experiences of Pediatric Palliative Care Teams During the First 6 Months of the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. 62(3) e91-99. | 2021 |
ICPCN, WHPCA, IAHPC. Palliative care, COVID-19 and Universal Health Coverage Report | 2020 |
Rossi et al. ‘Palliative care during the pandemic: Being human and facing finitude,’ Revista Bioética. | 2023 |
CPC Networks
Röwer HAA, Herbst FA, Schwabe S. Regional hospice and palliative care networks worldwide: scoping review. BMJ Supportive and Palliative Care | 2024 |
We try to add new resources/ papers on an ongoing basis – please do let us know if you have any resources/ papers that you think should be added.
The International Association of Hospice and Palliative Care (IAHPC) publish a literature search on a regular basis and literature search #5 can be found here.
Palliaped is also a new resource with regards to CPC